In folklore, is there anything more dangerous than a body of water? A humble stream, a forest spring, a roaring river, an expansive lake; all places that teem with spirits the world over. And, unluckily for us humans, these are usually the kind of spirits with murderous intent.
In Slavic mythology, this primordial fear of drowning gives us the worldās froggiest old man.
Vodyanoy
The vodyanoy (or vodyanoi, both meaning āthe one in the waterā or āwater entityā) is a dangerous male water spirit
.Unlike many water spirits that choose to manifest as attractive naked women, the Slavic vodyanoy appears as an old merman with a frog-like face and a long, algae-filled beard. His skin is covered in green or black scales, his hands are webbed, and he has the tail of a large fish. Rather than use his name, locals refer to him by the honorific āgrandfatherā.
As with many water spirits, when a tragedy happens near a waterway, itās likely the vodyanoyās doing. Broken dams, flooded mills, and drowned people and animals are all his handiwork. Some tales even say that he imprisons the souls of those he kills, making them his slaves in an underwater kingdom
.To avoid death and disruption, fishermen, millers, and all who make their livelihoods on or near the river offer the vodyanoy tribute. Bread, salt, vodka, and tobacco are all accepted, and itās hard to go wrong with some good old-fashioned animal sacrifice. Of course, if one merely needs to cross a river or stream, a sign of the cross might be enough as temporary protection. Worst comes to worst, as with many human grandfathers, placating words and a slow backing away is also a time-honoured strategy.
VodnĆk
In Czech, Slovene, and Slovak folklore, they have the vodnĆk rather than the vodyanoy. Appearing more like a gilled, web-handed, algae-green human, vodnĆci love bizarre dress and wearing strange hats. Outside their ponds, one can be recognised by the fact theyāre always dripping wet.
VodnĆci can be benevolent or hostile, depending on each individualās disposition. Some might still drown you, but others are more chill. If they do drown you, however, the vodnĆk will store your soul in a porcelain teapot
. Among vodnĆci, the size of oneās teapot collection reflects wealth and status. So, even if you think you've met a friendly vodnĆk, remember to play niceājust in case.
Using Vodyanoy & VodnĆk in Your Game
So, now you know the story, how can you use it in your game?
Frog Toll
As part of travelling, or maybe as an encounter in a hex crawl, you can have your party encounter a body of water that belongs to a vodyanoy (or vodnĆk). Perhaps the PCs need to reach a shrine on an island in the centre of a lake, or thereās only one safe river crossing for miles in either direction. They just need to get past the vodyanoy first. This could be a combat encounter, but itāll be even better if the party can trick or bribe the spirit into giving them safe passage.
Tsar Vodyanik
Some Russian legends tell of the Vodyan Tsar
, a royal vodyanoy who rides a black cloud and can create new rivers and lakes at will. If the party ever has reason to petition himāto reign in one of his subjects or to lend his magical assistance to a drought-stricken landāthen reaching his kingdom in the clouds or beneath the water could be an adventure in its own right.Souls in a Teapot
Perhaps the most interesting story hook raised by the vodnĆci is their soul-in-a-teapot-based economy. For example:
In an urban fantasy, a vodnĆk might run a stall at the local goblin market, selling magical teas brewed from human souls.
In an epic fantasy, the party might need to journey to the underwater land of the vodnĆci to rescue a trapped spirit.
In a dark fantasy, what will the PCs do if a vodnĆk has something they want but demands souls in return?
In a cyberpunk setting, perhaps VodnĆk is the handle of a malicious hacker who traps peopleās consciousness in cyberspace in exchange for a ransom.
And in all of these scenarios, the option of a āteapot-breaking rampageā is always available as a feel-good conclusion!
Vodyanoy Statistics (Old-School)
Armor Class: 5 [14]
Hit Dice: 4* (18 hp)
Attacks: 2 x claw (1d6) or flood (2d6)
THAC0: 16 [+3]
Move: 90ā (30ā) / 180ā (60ā) swimming
Save As: Fighter 4
Morale: 8ā¶ Surprise: On a 1ā4, when hiding in water.
ā¶ Flood: While in contact with water, can create 60ā long, 20ā wide wave of water. All caught in the area must save versus breath or suffer damage and be swept up to 60ā away. Can be used up to three times per day.
ā¶ Immunities: Unharmed by poison and fire (including magical fire).Legends speak of Tsar Vodyanoy, royalty amongst their kind, with greater HD and more powerful magical abilities.
And thatās it for vodyanoy and vodnĆk!
Thanks for reading; Mythoi will be back again in two weeks for another fantastical piece of folklore to use in your role-playing games!
Penny for your thoughts: D&D seems to love having a bunch of different types of frog peopleāhave you ever had a memorable experience with them?
~ A.C. Luke
Find my games on itch.io! ā Follow me on Twitter ā Follow me on Instagram
MacCulloch, John Arnott; MÔchal, Jan HanuŔ. 1918. The Mythology of All Races Volume 3 (Celtic and Slavic). Marshall Jones Company: Boston.
Horton, Kaleb. āThe Proud, Demanding Vodyanoy Rules Russiaās Rivers and Lakesā. Atlas Obscura. Viewed 1 February 2022.
āVodnĆk: An Animation Based on The Traditional Czech Fairytaleā. Everything Czech. Viewed 22 July 2022.
Levkievskaya, Elena. 2000. Myths of the Russian Folk. Astrel.
Your Frog Grandpa Vodyanoy
The concept of a froggy soul teapot collection is definitely something Iām going to use in a game or a novel š